|
|
|
| Breach characteristics of barrier dams according to the distribution characteristics of material composition |
| WANG Xiaojun1, XIE Xiangping1, HUANG Hongxin2, LIU Zhenzhen2 |
1. School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Jishou University, 416000, Jishou, Hunan, China;
2. School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, 455000, Anyang, Henan, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract [Background] Barrier dams, formed by natural forces and accumulated loosely, are highly susceptible to breaching, posing a serious threat to life and property safety. At present, researchers pay more attention to the impact of the overall material composition of landslide barrier dam on the dam breaching and stability, and do not consider the internal distribution characteristics of the materials. Is there any influence of the distribution of material composition on the breaching and stability of landslide barrier dams? [Methods] According to previous studies, four types of landslide barrier dams were established considering the different distribution characteristics of the material, which are uniformly mixed type (UM), top-coarse and bottom-fine type (TCBF), pre-coarse and post-fine dam (PCPF) as well as pre-fine and post-coarse type (PFPC). Through model tests, the whole breaching process was recorded, and the characteristics of the breaching development and the outflow discharge were analyzed. [Results] 1) Different barrier dams shared similar four breaking process, that is, seepage erosion stage, retrograde erosion stage, breach development stage and coarsening equilibrium stage, but obvious characteristics in different stages have been observed for different barrier dams.2) The duration of the seepage erosion stage of the PCPF-type dam is the shortest while the UCBF-type dam is the longest, and the latter is 2.5 times of the former. 3) The overtopping failure process of UM-type dam and TCBF-type dam are earlier than that of PCPF-type dam and PFPC-type dam. The erosion rate of the UM-type dam is the smallest, and the breach development process is relatively uniform.The erosion groove of the PFPC-type dam was narrow and deep developed in the retrograde erosionstage, and local collapses of the slope bank occurred most frequently during the breach development stage, causing the highest erosion rate during the first 10 s of the breach development stage and leading to frequent collapse-clogging-breaking phenomenon. A wide and shallow erosion groove developed during the retrograde erosion stage in the PCPF-type dam. The erosion rate is the largest during the later breach development stage, and the local area of the downstream slope is prone to sliding.4) The amplification coefficients of the outburst-flow peak discharge also vary among different landslide barrier dams, sharing an order of PCPFConclusions] The results demonstrate that the distribution characteristics of the material composition inside a landslide barrier dam have different effects on the breach time, breach process and breach flow discharge of the dam, which should be considered in the stability analysis of landslide barrier dam.
|
|
Received: 17 October 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
YIN Yueping, WANG F, SUN P. Landslide hazards triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan, China[J]. Landslides,2009, 6(2): 139.
|
| [2] |
ZHANG Shaojie, XIE Xiangping, WEI Fangqiang, et al. A seismically triggered landslide dam in Honshiyan, Yunnan, China: From emergency management to hydropower potential[J]. Landslides, 2015, 12(6):1147.
|
| [3] |
许强,郑光,李为乐,等. 2018年 10月和11月金沙江白格两次滑坡:堰塞堵江事件分析研究[J].工程地质学报,2018,26(6): 1534. XU Qiang, ZHENG Guang, LI Weile, et al. Analysis of two landslide weir blockage events in Baige of Jinsha River in October and November 2018[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2018,26(6): 1534.
|
| [4] |
ZHOU Gongdan, CUI Peng, CHEN Huayong, et al. Experimental study on cascading landslide dam failures by upstream flows[J]. Landslides,2013, 10(5):633.
|
| [5] |
胡向德,黎志恒,魏洁,等.舟曲县三眼峪沟特大型泥石流的形成和运动特征[J].水文地质工程地质,2011, 38(4): 82. HU Xiangde, LI Zhiheng, WEI Jie, et al. Formation and movementcharacteristics of super large debris flow in Sanyanyugou of Zhouqu county [J]. Hydrogeology Engineering Geology, 2011, 38(4):82.
|
| [6] |
覃浩坤,张海泉,张波. 汶川震区震后七盘沟多级堵溃泥石流形成条件分析[J].工程地质学报, 2016,24(S):100. QIN Haokun, ZHANG Haiquan, ZHANG Bo.Formation conditions of the Qipangou multistage dam-breaking debris flow in Wenchuan area after the earthquake[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2016, 24(S):100.
|
| [7] |
王道正,陈晓清,罗志刚,等. 不同颗粒级配条件下堰塞坝溃决特征试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2016,36(5):827. WANG Daozheng, CHEN Xiaoqing, LUO Zhigang, et al. Experimental research on breaking of barrier lake dam under different grading conditions[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2016,36(5):827.
|
| [8] |
石振明,张公鼎,彭铭,等.堰塞坝体材料渗透特性及其稳定性研究[J].工程地质学报,2017, 25(5):1182. SHI Zhenming, ZHANG Gongding, PENG Ming, et al. Study on the permeability and stability of landslide dam materials[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2017, 25(5):1182.
|
| [9] |
张健楠,余斌,张惠惠. 堰塞坝溃决特征和机理的试验研究[J].人民黄河,2014,36(10):48. ZHANG Jiannan, YU Bin, ZHANG Huihui. Experimental study on the character and mechanism of dam-break[J]. Yellow River, 2014, 36(10):48.
|
| [10] |
钟启明,陈生水,赵联桢,等.堰塞坝漫顶溃决过程数值模拟[J].河海大学学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(4):405. ZHONG Qiming, CHEN Shengshui, ZHAO Lianzhen, et al. Numerical simulation of overtopping failure process of a barrier dam[J]. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences), 2012, 40(4):405.
|
| [11] |
赵高文,姜元俊,乔建平,等. 不同密实条件的滑坡堰塞坝漫顶溃决实验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(6):1496. ZHAO Gaowen, JIANG Yuanjun, QIAO Jianping, et al. Experimental investigation on overtopping failure of landslide dams with different conditions of compactness[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018, 37(6):1496.
|
| [12] |
王玉峰,程谦恭,朱圻.汶川地震触发高速远程滑坡-碎屑流堆积反粒序特征及机制分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(6):1089. WANG Yufeng, CHEN Qiangong, ZHU Qi. Inverse grading analysis of deposit from rock avalanches triggered by Wenchuan earthquake [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012,31(6):1089.
|
| [13] |
郑光,许强,彭双麒.滑坡-碎屑流的堆积特征及机理分析[J]. 工程地质学报,2019, 27(4): 842. ZHENG Guang, XU Qiang, PENG Shuangqi. Mechanism analysis of the accumulation characteristics of rock avalanche[J].Journal of Engineering Geology, 2019, 27(4): 842.
|
| [14] |
石北啸.滑坡型堰塞坝典型特征分析[J].水利科学与寒区工程,2020,3(4):1. SHI Beixiao. Analysis on the typical characteristics of barrier dam [J]. Hydro Science and Cold Zone Engineering, 2020, 3(4):1.
|
| [15] |
XIE Xiangping, WANG Xiaojun, ZHAO Shenzhou, et al. Experimental study on the accumulation characteristics and mechanism of landslide debris dam [J]. Frontiers in Earth Science.2022, 10:878782.
|
|
|
|
