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| Gradient response to the effect of rock on karst slope on soil water |
| CHEN Lei1, ZHANG Keli1,2, YANG Zhicheng1, CAO Zihao1 |
1. Faculty of Geographic Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China |
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Abstract [Background] Bare rock outcropped is a typical geomorphic landscape on karst slope and it significantly affect the surface runoff and soil water content. Soil water plays a critical role in the water circulation of the terrestrial surface system, and has a main influence on the agricultural development and ecological restoration on karst slope. However, there is a few of research on soil water content around the rock at karst slope which is affected by gradients and rock shapes. Thus, it is necessary to study the characteristics of soil water content under different shapes of bare rock on different slopes.[Methods] In order to explore the influence of rock on soil water content on karst slope surface, three slopes of 8°, 12° and 18° on which have bare rock were selected to monitor the soil water at different distances along the upper and lower slope of rock in Huyangshui small watershed, Zunyi, Guizhou. Soil water content around the rocks at different locations and depths was monitored regularly, and rainfall sensors around the monitoring points were installed to obtain rainfall data.[Results] 1) Under the three types of rainfall amount, the soil water content along the upper and lower slope of the rocks with different gradients showed that the upper location was larger than the lower location, and its difference was presented as follows:horizontal bar-shaped rock 8° > vertical bar-shaped rock 12° > vertical bar-shaped rock 18°. The steeper the gradient, the greater the rainfall, the smaller the difference in soil water content upper and lower of the rock. 2) During the monitoring period, the difference in soil water content upper and lower of the rock was as follows:horizontal bar-shaped rock 8° > vertical bar-shaped rock 12° > vertical bar-shaped rock 18°, the greater the gradient, the smaller the difference. The smaller the gradient, the greater the variation of soil water content upper and lower of the rock during the rainy season, and the more stable the soil water content upper and lower of the rock. 3) When the depth of the soil layer was the same, the difference in soil water content between the upper and lower locations of the rock was affected by the gradient obviously. 4) When the upper and lower location of the rock was the same, the difference of soil water content at different depths had various responses to the change of gradient.[Conclusions] The results of the study revealed the effect of rock outcrop on karst slope on soil water content at different locations and depths. These findings help to understand the impact of rock outcropping on soil water content in karst regions, and provide valuable information for the establishment of karst slope soil erosion prediction models. In addition, it has profound practical significance for the control of soil erosion in karst areas, alleviation of rocky desertification succession and vegetation restoration.
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Received: 16 June 2021
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