生物质覆盖对玉米植株氮素吸收和分配的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.02.015

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Abstract [Background] The utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer indicates the ability of crops to absorb nitrogen from soil and fertilizer. At the same time, nitrogen absorption and accumulation are the basis of crop yield formation. It is helpful to find out the relationship between the increase of crop yield and the efficient use of nutrients by investigating the accumulation of nitrogen uptake by crops. With a view to investigating the destination of nitrogen fertilizer and its use efficiency in plants under different farming modes, this paper explores the nitrogen use efficiency of plans employing the ¹⁵N isotopic tracer technique.[Methods] Three mulching modes, namely, biochar regulation (M1), combined regulation of biochar and straw (M2) and straw regulation (M3) were set up in the course of experiment, each containing three gradients, namely, 6 t/hm² (F1), 12 t/hm² (F2) and 18 t/hm² (F3). The adsorption, distribution and use effect of nitrogen fertilizer in summer maize under different mulching control measures were investigated by analyzing the content change of marked nitrogen fertilizer in soil, the accumulation of nitrogen in plants and the source of nitrogen in each organ according to the field experiment.[Results] 1) The heat-retaining and water-holding capacity of straw and the physical and chemical properties of biochar significantly increased the content of inorganic nitrogen in soil. At the shooting stage, the average content of inorganic nitrogen in 0-80 cm soil layer under the M2F1 treatment condition was 11.71 and 20.25 mg/kg and higher than that under the M1FI and M3F1 conditions respectively. At the maturation stage, this average value under the M2F1 treatment condition was also remarkably higher than that under the M1F1 and M3F1 conditions. 2) Soil mulching regulation was effective in enhancing the accumulation effect of nitrogen in plants. The increase of mulching was accompanied by the marked rise of nitrogen content coming from nitrogen fertilizer. As shown by the analysis of the adsorption of labeled nitrogen by each organ, the results of ¹⁵N use efficiency in organs were as follows:Grain > Stem +leaf sheath > Root > Blade > Loquat + cob. The combined regulation of straw and biochar guaranteed the strongest nitrogen adsorption effect. 3) The results from Pearson and related analysis demonstrated that the biochar regulation effectively promoted the adsorption of labeled nitrogen fertilizer by root system, the combined regulation of biochar and straw facilitated the regulating effect of grain on marked nitrogen fertilizer and straw boosted the accumulation of marked nitrogen fertilizer in stalk + sheath.[Conclusions] The research may provide theoretical reference and technical support for the reasonable and effective development of agricultural water and soil resources and scientific guidance on agricultural fertilizer usage.

Key words： isotope tracing biochar regulation straw cover accumulation effect of nitrogen theoretical reference

Received: 15 July 2019

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S363

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	WANG Minghao
	WANG Xiuru
	SUN Yan

Cite this article:

WANG Minghao,WANG Xiuru,SUN Yan. Nitrogen absorption, distribution and utilization efficiency of summer maize plants under different biomass covering[J]. SSWC, 2020, 18(2): 120-129.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.02.015 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2020/V18/I2/120

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