辽西北风沙地不同林龄樟子松土壤大孔隙特征

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2023125

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摘要土壤大孔隙是土壤水分、空气、化学物质及污染物优先运移的主要通道,与地表径流及土壤渗透性之间具有密切关系。为明晰不同林龄樟子松土壤大孔隙特征,以辽西北风沙地不同林龄(对照样地、24 a、38 a和49 a)、不同土层(0~50 cm)樟子松人工林为研究对象,采用野外染色示踪试验,基于室内水分穿透曲线和Poiseulle方程,分析不同林龄樟子松土壤大孔隙特征及其影响因素。结果表明:不同林龄樟子松染色和非染色区渗透速率存在较明显差异性,染色区水分渗透速率较非染色区提高近60%;土壤大孔隙半径分布在0.52~3.66 mm之间,其孔隙半径均值为0.69 mm,并随土层的加深而减少;樟子松土壤大孔隙与林龄、土层深度的变化存在显著差异,在不同林龄中,樟子松大孔隙半径与出流速率的关系具有显著线性相关性。研究结果可为深入理解辽西北风沙地樟子松土壤大孔隙特征及其对土壤水分运动的影响机理提供理论依据。

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	王科雯
	吕刚
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	张卓

关键词 ：樟子松人工林, 出流速率, 水分穿透曲线, 风沙地

Abstract：[Background] Large pores in soil are an important index to study the characteristics of soil structure, and they are also one of the basic physical properties of soil. In recent years, scholars have studied Pinus sylvestris var. and understory soil from soil moisture, soil microorganisms, and soil aggregate, but there are few studies on the macropores of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica soil of different ages. [Methods] The experiment was located in Zhanggutai Forest Farm, Zhangwu county, Liaoning province, and the barren grassland, 24 a, 38 a, and 49 a Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were selected as the research objects. Soil samples collected in the field are brought back to the laboratory, laid flat and minimized turbulence to keep the soil sample intact, and brought back to the laboratory to determine the moisture penetration curve. The soil moisture content was determined by stained method, and the soil bulk density and porosity were determined by ring knife method. The equivalent radius, number and distribution of macropores were calculated by using field stained tracer test and Poiseulle equation. Origin.2018 software and Excel.2010 software were used to make graphs and perform related analysis. [Results] In the range of 0-20 cm soil layer, the e-flow rate of stained and unstained soil was larger, and in the range of 20-40 cm soil layer, the e-flow rate of stained and unstained soil changed less, and the water infiltration rate of stained area increased by more than 60% compared with that of unstained area in 40-50 cm soil layer. The number of macropores decreased with the increase of the depth of the soil layer of P. sylvestris var. mongolica in the four sample plots, and the number of macropores in each plot was greater than that in the unstained area, and the number of macropores in the 0-3.01 mm radius was mostly concentrated in the radius of 0.78-3.01 mm, and the number of macropores in the 0-10 cm soil layer of each forest age was more, and the number of macropores in the stained and unstained areas in the 38 a 10-20 cm soil layer was less. The overall effect of different forest ages and soil depth on the number of soil macropores was 24 a>38 a>49 a > control plots. [Conclusions] 1) The pore size of the soil of different ages in the windy sandy land of northwest Liaoning Province was concentrated in the range of 0.52-3.66 mm, and the average pore radius was 0.69 mm.2) With the increase of forest age, the e-flow rate gradually decreased, and the depth of the soil layer and the speed of the e-flow rate also affected the soil macropores. The average radius of macropores was closely related to the e-flow rate, and there was a significant positive correlation (R²=0.874 7, P<0.01).3) The number of macropores in P. sylvestris var. mongolica was 24 a>38 a>49 a > control plots, and the number of macropores showed the characteristics of more surface layer and less deep layer.

Key words： Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation outbound rate moisture penetration curve aeolian sand

收稿日期: 2023-09-04

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目”辽东水源涵养林区煤矿废弃地生态修复关键技术研究”(XLYC2007046);辽宁工程技术大学双一流学科创新团队建设资助项目(LNTU20TD－24)

通讯作者: 吕刚(1979—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:水土保持与生态修复。E-mail:lvgang2637@126.com E-mail: lvgang2637@126.com

作者简介: 王科雯(1996—),女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:水土保持与生态修复。E-mail:1466828610@qq.com

引用本文:

王科雯, 吕刚, 刘媛, 刘建华, 王锋佰, 张卓. 辽西北风沙地不同林龄樟子松土壤大孔隙特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2024, 22(5): 151-160.
WANG Kewen, Lü Gang, LIU Yuan, LIU Jianhua, WANG Fengbai, ZHANG Zhuo. Soil macropore characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica at different stand ages in windy sandy land in northwestern Liaoning. SSWC, 2024, 22(5): 151-160.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2023125 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2024/V22/I5/151

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