情报科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 1-9.

• 专论 •    下一篇

场景化知识图谱及构建方法

  

  • 出版日期:2024-03-05 发布日期:2024-06-08

  • Online:2024-03-05 Published:2024-06-08

摘要:

【目的/意义】基于场景理论及领域知识图谱,提出场景化知识图谱的概念及内涵,描述知识的产生与应用
场景信息,从而提高知识图谱应用的精准性和适用性。【方法/过程】首先,基于场景理论、知识场景化及知识图谱构
建技术,提出了场景化知识图谱的定义及结构;其次,以医学场景化知识图谱为例,提出了场景化知识图谱的构建
方法。具体而言,结合 BiLSTM-CRF模型、UIE模型、基于规则的方法构建了知识抽取及融合方法,借助 Neo4j图
数据库和Cypher查询语言实现场景化知识图谱的存储与查询。【结果/结论】首先,提出了场景化知识图谱是描述知
识场景属性的知识图谱,总结出场景具有可融合性、可继承性和可推理性的特点;其次,以轻度认知障碍为例进行
实证探究,结果表明当前不同类型的场景抽取性能参差不齐;各种类型的场景属性总体分布和在不同实体中的分
布均不同;在所构建的场景化知识图谱中,场景属性的可融合性、可继承性和可推理性特征明显;在场景匹配的基
础上进行查询能减少冗余和错误信息、提升结果的精准性和适用性。【创新/局限】本研究进一步丰富了领域知识图
谱研究,通过描述知识的产生和应用场景提升知识图谱应用的精准性与适用性。

Abstract:

【Purpose/significance】 Based on scenario theory and domain knowledge graph, the concept and connotation of scenario
based knowledge graph are proposed to describe the generation and application scenario information of knowledge, thereby improving
the precision and applicability of knowledge graph application.【Method/process】 Firstly, based on scenario theory, knowledge scener⁃
ization, and knowledge graph construction techniques, the definition and structure of scenario-based knowledge graph are proposed;
Secondly, taking the medical scenario-based knowledge graph as an example, a method for constructing the scenario-based knowl⁃
edge graph is proposed. Specifically, a knowledge extraction and fusion method is constructed by combining the BiLSTM-CRF model,
the UIE model, and the rule-based method. The storage and query of scenario-based knowledge graph is implemented using the Neo4j
graph database and the Cypher query language.【Result/conclusion】 Firstly, it is proposed that the scenario-based knowledge graph is
a knowledge graph that describes the attributes of knowledge scenes, and summarizes the characteristics of scene fusion, inheritance,
and reasonability; Secondly, taking mild cognitive impairment as an example to conduct empirical research, the results show that the
current performance of different types of scene extraction is uneven; The overall distribution of various types of scene attributes and
their distribution in different entities are different; In the constructed scenario-based knowledge graph, the fusibility, inheritability,
and reasonability of scene attributes are obvious; Searching based on scene matching can reduce redundancy and error information,
and improve the precision and applicability of results.【Innovation/limitation】 This study further enriches the research on domain
knowledge graph, improving the precision and applicability of knowledge graph applications by describing the generation and applica⁃
tion scenarios of knowledge.