| Abstract Through analysizing the movement process and distribution of water and sediment in the Yellow River Basin,the allocation units in the basin were stated with their characteristics of sediment distribution.The allocation units include basin trapping sediment by soil and water conservation,reservoir sedimentation,river bed sedimentation,diversion sediment(included warping sediment for reinforcing dikes),estuarine and ocean sediment,which changes with implementation of harnessing projects and runoff condition in the basin.From 1950 to 1999,the average annual amounts of the basin trapping sediment by soil and water conservation,reservoir sedimentation,river bed sedimentation,diversion sediment,estuarine and ocean sediment are 251×106 tons,248×106 tons,215×106 tons,186×106 tons and 895×108 tons respectively,which are 14.24%,14.05%,12.19%,10.56% and 50.77% of the whole annual sediment yield in the basin(which is 1 763×106 tons) respectively.It was stated that some problems for the sediment allocation are much sedimentation in reservoir and river channel.And it is pointed that it is an important way to carry on optimum allocation of water and sediment resources and sediment utilization as a kind of natural resource in basin for maintaining river health of the Yellow River.According to long term practices in sediment harnessing and utilization,some ways of sediment utilization as a kind of natural resource are suggested as follows: dike consolidation with warping,land formation with sediment and comprehensive utilization of dredged sediment at the estuary,building material from sediment,utilization of diversion sediment(included warping for the barren land),highland reclamation with dredged sediment in irrigation systems,river regulation and protection of the stable channel,wetland formation with sediment and so on. |
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2010, Vol. 8 