Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced middle-low rectal cancer. Methods From June 2007 to June 2013, 51 untreated patients with histopathologically proven rectal cancer (T3/T4 or N (+)) were included in this study. Three-dimensional radiotherapy was delivered to the whole pelvic cavity at 45.0—50.4 Gy/25—28 fractions. Two cycles of chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 or XELOX were given concurrently at weeks 1 and 4 of radiotherapy. Surgery was performed at 4—8 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 or XELOX was given within one month after surgery. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates, and the log-rank test was used for univariate analysis;the Cox regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results Forty-nine patients completed the preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery. The median follow-up was 2.9 years. The overall sphincter preservation rate was 65%;the overall downstaging rate was 59%. Ten (20.4%) of all patients achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR). Grade ≥3 toxicities occurred in 25% of all patients, and the overall postoperative complication rate was 31%. The 3-and 5-year sample sizes were 24,12, respectively. The 3-and 5-year overall survival rates were 81% and 69%, respectively;the 3-and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 76% and 60%, respectively;the 3-and 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rates were 78% and 70%, respectively;the distant metastasis-free survival rates were 82% and 74%, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that tumor downstaging was an independent prognostic factor for 5-year DFS and LRFS. Conclusions For locally advanced middle-low rectal cancer, preoperative radiotherapy with concurrent FOLFOX4/XELOX chemotherapy can increase pathologic downstaging rate, pCR rate, and sphincter preservation rate. Patients with tumor downstaging may have a better survival advantage.
Corresponding Authors:
Li Gaofeng, Email:lgf6243@163.com
Cite this article:
Li Ming,Gao Hong,Li Gaofeng et al. Efficacy of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy in treatment of locally advanced middle-low rectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology, 2014, 23(4): 286-289.
Li Ming,Gao Hong,Li Gaofeng et al. Efficacy of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy in treatment of locally advanced middle-low rectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology, 2014, 23(4): 286-289.
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2014, Vol. 23 
